Name of ethnic group: Lo Lo (Mun Di, Lo Lo Hoa and Lo Lo Den). Population: 3,307 people (Year 1999). Locality: Dong Van and Meo Vac districts of Ha Giang Province, Bao Lac District of Cao Bang Province and Muong Khuong District of Lao Cai Province.

Name of ethnic group: Lu (Nhuon and Duon). Population: 4,964 people (Year 1999). Locality: Phong Tho and Sin Ho Districts of Lai Chau Province.

Name of ethnic group: Ma (Chau Ma, Ma Xop, Ma To, Ma Krung, and Ma Ngan). Population: 33,338 people (Year 1999). Locality: Lam Dong Province.

Name of ethnic group: Mang (Mang U and Xa La Vang). Population: 2,663 people (Year 1999). Locality: Sin Ho, Muong Te, Phong Tho districts of Lai Chau Province; and Muong Cha District of Dien Bien Province.

Name of ethnic group: Mong (H'Mong): (Mong Do, White Mong, Mong Lenh (Variety Mong), Mong Si (Red Mong), Mong Du (Black Mong) and Mong Sua (Man Mong). Population: 787,604 people (Year 1999). Locality: The Mong are concentrated in Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang, Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Lai Chau, Son La, Cao Bang and Nghe An provinces.

Name of ethnic group: M'Nong (Bru Dang, Preh, Ger, Nong, Prang, PJam, Kuyenh, Chil Bu Nor, and M'Nong Bu Dang). Population: 92,451 people (Year 1999). Locality: Concentrated in the southern parts of Dak Lak and Dak Nong provinces, and parts of Lam Dong and Binh Phuoc provinces.

Name of ethnic group: Muong (Moi, Mual, Moi, Moi Bi, Au Ta and Ao Ta). Population: More than 1,137,515 people (Year 1999). Locality: The largest population is concentrated in Hoa Binh Province and the mountainous districts of Thanh Hoa Province.

Name of ethnic group: Ngai (Ngai Hac Ca, Lau Man, He, Sin, Dan, and Le). Population: 4,841 people (Year 1999). Locality: Quang Ninh, Bac Giang, Bac Ninh Lang Son, Cao Bang, Bac Kan and Thai Nguyen provinces.

Name of ethnic group: Nung (Xuong, Giang, Nung An, Nung Coi, Phan Sinh, Nung Chao, Nung Inh, Qui Rin, Nung Din, and Khen Lai). Population: 856,412 people (Year 1999). Locality: Lang Son, Cao Bang, Bac Thai, Bac Giang, Bac Ninh and Tuyen Quang provinces.

Name of ethnic group: O Du (Tay Hat). Population: 301 people (Year 1999). Locality: The O Du live in the villages of Kim Hoa and Xop Pot in Kim Da Commune, and the rest live in nearby villages in Tuong Duong District, Nghe An Province.